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Mammography

Mammography

Digital mammography: the benchmark test for detecting breast cancer at an early stage, before anything can be felt. Includes a radiologist's report.

Why it is performed

A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of the breast, capable of revealing microcalcifications and lesions of just a few millimetres that cannot be felt manually. That is precisely its value: detecting issues before symptoms appear, when the prognosis and treatment options are significantly better.

When to have it done

  • As routine screening starting from the age recommended by early detection programmes, following the specified intervals.
  • Earlier and more frequently if risk assessment advises it —a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, or known genetic mutations—. Each case is assessed individually during a consultation.
  • If symptoms are present: a lump, skin dimpling or nipple retraction, discharge from a single nipple, changes in shape or persistent redness.
  • To monitor a previous finding or as follow-up after treatment.

What the procedure is like

The breast is placed between two plates and compressed for a few seconds for each view. Compression is the uncomfortable part —and it is essential: it spreads out the tissue and reduces the required radiation dose—. It takes about ten minutes in total. Please attend without deodorant, cream or talcum powder, as their particles can mimic microcalcifications. If you experience painful periods, it is best to schedule the appointment for the week following your menstruation.

Afterwards

Being recalled to complete the study with a breast ultrasound or additional views is common and does not mean bad news: most of these cases turn out to be benign findings. If the study requires confirmation, a biopsy will be considered. The entire process is coordinated by the Breast Unit.

Frequently asked questions

Does a mammogram hurt?

The compression is the uncomfortable part, and it lasts a few seconds per view. It is essential: it separates the tissues and reduces the radiation needed. If your periods are painful, it is better to book it in the week after your period, when the breast is less tender.

Why can't I wear deodorant?

Because particles from deodorant, cream or talc can show up on the image and mimic microcalcifications, which are precisely one of the findings being looked for. Come with clean skin and no products on the armpits or breasts.

I've been called back for more tests. Is that a bad sign?

Completing the study with an ultrasound or additional views is common and does not mean bad news: most of these cases turn out to be benign findings. It is done precisely to be certain rather than to be left with a doubt.

What are the 4 early signs of breast cancer?

A new lump in the breast or armpit, skin changes —dimpling, orange-peel texture, redness—, retraction or discharge from a single nipple, and changes in shape or size. Most lumps are benign, but any of these signs is a reason to see a doctor without waiting for your next check-up.

Content reviewed by Ms Concha Soler Blanca

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